The most commonly used electronic instrument is cathode ray oscilloscope. Basically CRO is an analog instrument. But latest technology made it possible in digital format too. CRO is the most suitable instrument for the measurement of almost all electrical parameters such as voltage, current, resistance etc. The main components of a CRO are cathode ray tube (CRT), vertical amplifier, horizontal amplifier, triggered ramp/ saw tooth generator, vertical deflection plate and horizontal deflection plate. Here the main component is cathode ray tube which consists of a glass envelope, fluorescent screen, electron gun assembly, pairs of deflection plates and a connecting base. The electron gun is comprised of a heater filament which is covered by a cathode made of barium and strontium oxides. The electron gun with optimum potential generates a stream of electrons which is allowed to pass through negatively charged grid hole. These electrons are deflected by vertical and horizontal plates and finally reaches phosphor screen which produces fluorescence.
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